Study of Orchid Mycorrhiza Fungi (Omf) on Phalaenopsis Violacea Drought Strees
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33866/phytopathol.037.01.1138Keywords:
Drought stress, Mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia, Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungus (OMF), Phalaenopsis violacea, Watering interval.Abstract
Water stress is a plant disease that is abiotic in nature and affects the growth of orchid species in nature. Economically, it is very detrimental because it can cause losses in orchid production. One of the countermeasures is the use of Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungi (OMF) which form symbiotic associations with orchids, including the mycorrhizal Rhizoctonial group. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of Rhizoctonia isolated from the roots of Dendrobium macrophyllum and Dendrobium secundum orchids and watering intervals on Phalaenopsis violacea seedlings. The research method used a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with 2 factors and 3 replications.The first factor was the application of mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia: (R0) control (no mycorrhiza), (R1) mycorrhiza isolated from D. macrophyllum, (R2) mycorrhiza isolated from D. secundum, and (R3) a combination of R1 and R2. The second factor was the watering intervals: twice, four times, and six times a day. The results of the study on the first factor showed that Seedling Phalaenopsis violacea gave significantly increased growth with the R3 treatment, as indicated by increases in plant height (20.7 cm), leaf length (19.2 cm), root number (14 pieces), root length (21.3 cm), fresh weight (17.5 g), and dry weight (2.7 g). For the second factor, the growth increased significantly when watering was done once every four days (P2), with plant height reaching 20.3 cm and leaf length 18.8 cm. The interaction between Rhizoctonia mycorrhiza application and the best watering interval was in the M3P2 combination treatment, with the highest plant height (8.0 cm) and leaf length (7.5 cm). The proline content was M2P3 (0.135) and the highest number of chloroplasts was in the M3P3 treatment (0.89), while all those applied with mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia formed peloton structures in the root cortex. Thus, the combination of mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia and a four-day watering interval represents an effective strategy in overcoming drought stress in P. violacea. This approach has the potential to improve orchid cultivation practices. It is hoped that mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia can be used to induce drought resistance in orchids in the future.References
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